Structure - Working principle of solar water heater

To make good use of a solar water heater, it is important to understand the structure and operating principle of the machine. As one of the convenient, energy-saving and safe devices for users, solar water heaters become the main equipment in the family.
 

The solar water heater has a simple design with 3 main parts: the collector, the hot water tank and the holder. Each department will take on a different role.

- Vacuum tube solar water heater: Using vacuum tube as heat absorber, covered with 5 layers of gold core.

- Oil tube solar water heater: Using oil tube as a heat absorber, covered with 3 layers of copper, silver, titanium to help absorb heat well.

- Flat plate type solar water heater: Using flat plate as heat absorber, protected by a high-grade toughened layer.

This is an extremely important part of a solar water heater. This part is made of a material with high impact resistance, which will take on the role of absorbing and transferring heat to heat the water.

The surface of the pipe body is coated with a special metal film with 3 layers: anti-heat, heat-absorbing layer and absorbing heat-transfer layer to heat the water inside.
 

A hot water tank, also known as an insulated tank, is a heating element, used to store hot and cold water. The insulated flask is designed with up to 3 layers of thickness that can withstand temperatures up to 160 degrees Celsius and has the ability to keep heat for up to 72 hours. Insulation flasks are usually made of SUS 304 stainless steel material, which is both durable and ensures that the water in the tank is always clean and anti-rust. In addition, the bottle also has extremely good insulation thanks to the complex insulation compound.
 

The bracket of the solar water heater is made of stainless steel, which is anti-rust, durable, resistant to shocks and harmful effects from the surrounding environment.

This unit is specially designed with the right angle of inclination to catch sunlight at the best position, for optimal heat absorption. In addition, the bracket also has the effect of attaching other parts on the machine, creating a solid structure and ensuring safety during use.
 

Currently, there are 3 types of common use: Vacuum tube solar water heater, oil tube type and flat plate. In general, solar water heaters all have the same operating principle, all operating on the principle of natural thermal convection and the phenomenon of the glass cage effect. This principle helps to convert light energy into heat and trap the heat. Below are detailed operating principles of each type of solar water heater.
 

For the oil pipe type, the water is flowing directly into the insulation tank, not directly into the energy tube. The machine works on the principle of natural thermal convection and the phenomenon of glass effect, helping to convert light energy into heat energy. When the glass tube is vacuumed, the surface of the tube is coated with 3 layers / CU-AL-TITAN (copper, silver, titanium) forming a perfect heat-absorbing surface, helping to absorb extreme energy. high.

Oil with low boiling point helps the oil in the tube to heat up quickly, when the oil is hot, it will heat the glass oils and transfer to the heat guide located at the top of the tube and plug directly into the insulation tank, making the water in the tank to be protected. warm up. This process takes place continuously, water does not flow directly down the heat absorption pipe, so the ability to deposit scale is absent.

Working on the principle of natural thermal convection, taking advantage of the high solar absorption capacity of the collector tubes, the low-transparency coating converts solar radiation into heat. Solar energy absorbed at the surface will heat the water, due to thermal convection, the water in the insulator will increase, this process continues until the temperature in the tank is equal to the temperature of the water. at the absorber.

When there is sunlight, the flat plate will absorb heat from the sun to heat the water that is directed down from the container. Based on the principle of natural thermal convection, hot water will be directed upwards and cold water will continue to be directed down to heat. This whole process will be repeated many times until the water in the tank and bath are at the same temperature.