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Công nghệ PERC trong năng lượng mặt trời là gì?

  1. 06-01-2022 13:43:43
  2. 81
Bạn đã từng nghe về công nghệ PERC chưa? Có thể khái niềm này vẫn còn xa lạ với nhiều người, đừng lo lắng Intech Energy sẽ giúp bạn giải đáp những thắc mắc đó.
Mục lục
PERC stands for Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell technology, which means Passive Transmitter and Rear Contact, also known as passive energy absorption technology.
PERC technology is advanced, understanding more about it can help you decide if it's right for your solar needs. In this article, we will explain everything you need to know about PERC technology as it relates to solar panels.

What is PERC in solar energy?

An Australian scientist named Martin Green and his team at the University of New South Wales developed PERC technology in the 1980s. The technology takes a traditional solar cell and adds an additional layer to the back of the solar cell. cell. This additional layer is called the passive layer.

Khái niệm Solar cell PERC

How do PERC cells work?

The passive layer acts like a mirror and reflects the light passing through the panel for the first time. This gives a second chance for light to be absorbed by the solar cell and leads to greater absorption of solar radiation.
For years, photovoltaic cell manufacturers have turned all their attention to the front of the battery. PERC technology allows the back of the battery to play an active role.

What are the benefits of PERC solar cells?

The main benefit is that they achieve higher efficiency ratings than traditional cells. PERC technology allows the cell to absorb more light and this promotes energy production efficiently. While additional steps are required in the manufacturing process, the results are well worth it.

Another benefit of PERC solar cells is that they are more flexible. PERC technology works well in low light and high temperatures. By having a greater power density per square meter than traditional types, you can use PERC to achieve the desired output with fewer panels.

The ability to achieve the same output with fewer plates leads to cost savings. Being able to achieve your energy goals for less is always desirable.
At first glance, you may not notice any obvious difference between PERC and typical photovoltaic cells. The construction of both types of cells is similar and both use incident solar radiation to generate the flow of electrons.

The key difference between PERC cell and monocrystalline photovoltaic cell is the additional passivation layer on the back side. This layer is the type that increases the power generation of the panel by increasing efficiency.

How does PERC solar cell work?

Reflect light back

The back surface passivation layer acts as a mirror and reflects light passing through the photocell without first being absorbed. This gives the cell a second chance to absorb light, which means more solar radiation will be directed to the cell. The same cell can generate more power, resulting in greater efficiency.

Heat absorption is reduced

Another benefit of the passive layer on PERC solar cells is that it reflects certain wavelengths of light. Cells' silicon wafers cannot absorb light with wavelengths greater than 1180 nanometers.

This means that in a traditional cell, light waves of higher wavelength will be absorbed by the back layer of the solar cell. The light absorption here increases heat and as a by-product reduces efficiency.

In contrast, the back surface passive layer of PERC solar cells is designed to reflect these higher wavelength light waves so that they are not absorbed. In this way, the thermal energy in the photocell is reduced and, therefore, the efficiency is increased.

Electron recombination is reduced

The third way that the back surface passivation increases efficiency is by reducing “electron recombination". Electrons tend to recombine and when they do, it blocks the free flow of electrons throughout which reduces efficiency. The added passivation layer in PERC solar cells reduces electron recombination and this reduction increases efficiency.

What is Mono PERC Solar?

The most efficient Mono PERC technology available. When comparing monocrystalline solar panels to polycrystalline solar panels, monocrystalline panels have a higher efficiency rating. By adding PERC technology to the panels, it is possible to generate 6 to 12% more power of mono PERC panels compared to conventional panels.
One thing to keep in mind is that mono PERC panels are not the same as double-sided panels. Double-sided panels are made of double-sided cells capable of absorbing sunlight on both sides of the panels.

How is Solar cell PERC created?

Manufacturers create PERC cells by adding two additional steps to their manufacturing process. Both of these steps occur on the back surface field (BSF) of cell

The first step is to apply a surface passivation film behind which is a dielectric passivation layer. Once it has been applied, the back surface passivation film is chemically or laser etched to open small pockets in the layer. These pockets are what allow the panel to absorb more light.
A typical, or traditional, solar cell consists of the following parts from front to back:

Thành phần Solar cell PERC
 

The production line does not need to invest in new equipment. This allows manufacturers to create a premium product without significantly increasing production costs.

Solar cell PERC

N-type versus P-type cells:

Another advancement in solar cell technology is the introduction of N-Type cells. Compared with traditional P-Type technology, solar panels with newer N-Type cells are less prone to degradation in quality. over the lifetime of the panel.

What is an N-type solar cell?

Tế bào năng lượng mặt trời loại N

The N-type cell is doped with phosphorus, which has more electrons than silicon, giving the cell a negative charge.

N-type cells are immune to boron-oxygen defects, and as a result they are not affected by light-induced degradation (LID). As you might expect, they are positioned as a premium option as they are less likely to degrade over the lifespan of the panel.

What are P-type cells?

Tế bào loại P

P-type cells are typically fabricated with a boron-doped silicon wafer. Since boron has fewer electrons than silicon, it creates a positively charged cell.

P-type cells are affected by light-induced depletion, which reduces the initial yield due to light exposure. This is the most common processing method for photovoltaic cells in history.
Any questions about knowledge related to  Solar cell PERC customers can immediately contact us via hotline 0966 966 819 or contact green energy company - Intech Energy for answers and support.

 
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